![]() ![]() So we just have to be aware of it if we connect to the VM through some other means. Fortunately, the box itself takes care of the configuration for this, including for the provisioning we'll be doing with Ansible as well as for vagrant ssh. ![]() Also, instead of access via key, the SSH access is via user name and password. The first difference is that, instead of a vagrant user, there is a standard ubuntu user. However, it means there are some differences we have to be aware of. This has some potential advantages in that an Ubuntu Vagrant box running Xenial will be very similar to an Ubuntu box in the cloud. However, the "xenial" Vagrant box is pretty much a standard Ubuntu cloud image. This means they have a vagrant user, with a standard SSH key and passwordless sudo access. Before, the boxes were created specifically for Vagrant. This box represents a change from previous versions of Ubuntu. You can see the whole Vagrantfile in the GitHub repo. Once I hit about the third one of these showstoppers, I figured I'd better take an article to describe each of them and how I got around them. Along the way, there were some interesting lessons learned about working with Vagrant and the latest Ubuntu (16.04 LTS, a.k.a. I've built a virtual lab using Vagrant, VirtualBox, and Ansible. We should also have a client that can be used to ensure the hosts are working. To work with VRRP, we need at least two hosts with a networking stack and a VRRP implementation. This time, I want to head off in a slightly different direction. Last time, I introduced VRRP, then spent some time on the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), which is used to locate the Ethernet address for a given IP address. Because VRRP is useful for high availability and operates at the intersection of Layer 2 and Layer 3 of the OSI model, it's an interesting topic for a better understanding of networking. The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) provides a way for multiple hosts to communicate so that one of them at a time can hold a virtual IP. ![]()
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